Linux oracle database start

2 Starting Up and Shutting Down

This section describes how to start up and shut down Oracle Database Express Edition. It contains the following topics:

Starting Up the Database

Oracle Database Express Edition (Oracle Database XE) starts up automatically immediately after installation and after each system restart. Thus, there is no need to start up the database unless you previously shut it down.

You can start up the database from the desktop or with SQL Command Line (SQL*Plus). Each of these methods is described in the following sections:

Starting Up the Data base from the Desktop

This section explains how to start up the database from the desktop in Windows and in the following two Linux windowing managers: KDE and Gnome. If your Linux computer is not running a windowing manager, or is running a windowing manager other than KDE or Gnome, you must start the database with SQL Command Line. See «Starting Up the Database Using SQL Command Line» for instructions.

To start up the database using the desktop:

Do one of the following:

On Windows: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a Windows administrator—that is, as a user who is a member of the Administrator group.

On Linux: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a user who is a member of the dba user group. This is typically the user oracle . See «Operating System Authentication» for more information.

Do one of the following:

On Windows: Click Start , point to Programs (or All Programs) , point to Oracle Database 10g Express Edition , and then select Start Database .

On Linux with Gnome: In the Applications menu, point to Oracle Database 10g Express Edition , and then select Start Database .

On Linux with KDE: Click the icon for the K Menu, point to Oracle Database 10g Express Edition , and then select Start Database .

Starting Up the Databas e Using SQL Command Line

When you start up the database with SQL Command Line, you must run SQL Command Line on the same computer where you installed Oracle Database XE (the «Oracle Database XE host computer»).

To start up the database using SQL Command Line:

Do one of the following:

On Windows: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a user who is a member of the ORA_DBA user group. This is typically the user that installed Oracle Database XE.

On Linux: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a user who is a member of the dba user group. This is typically the oracle user.

If not already opened, open a terminal session or command window.

Linux platform only: Ensure that environment variables are set properly.

At the operating system prompt, enter the following command to start SQL Command Line and connect to the database:

The slash (/) indicates that the database should authenticate you with operating system authentication.

At the SQL Command Line prompt, enter the following command:

If the command is successful, it displays the following output. (System global area sizes will vary depending on the amount of physical memory in your Oracle Database XE host computer.)

(Optional) Enter the following SQL query to verify that the database started up properly:

The query results should look similar to the following:

Enter the following command to exit SQL Command Line:

Shutting Down the Database

Oracle Database Express Edition (Oracle Database XE) shuts down automatically when you shut down the computer that hosts it.

Before shutting down Oracle Database XE, it is best to ensure that all users and applications have completed their work and logged out. See «Monitoring Sessions» for information on how to view current database sessions.

If users or applications are still logged in when you begin a shutdown operation, the shutdown proceeds under the following conditions:

No new connections are permitted, and no new transactions are allowed to be started.

Any uncommitted transactions are rolled back.

All users and applications are immediately disconnected.

You can shut down the database with the desktop or with SQL Command Line (SQL*Plus). Each of these methods is described in the following sections:

Shut ting Down the Database from the Desktop

This section explains how to shut down the database from the desktop in Windows and in the following two Linux windowing managers: KDE and Gnome. If your Linux computer is not running a windowing manager, or is running a windowing manager other than KDE or Gnome, you must shut down the database with SQL Command Line.

To shut down the database using the desktop:

Do one of the following:

On Windows: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a Windows administrator—that is, as a user who is a member of the Administrator group.

On Linux: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a user who is a member of the dba user group. This is typically the user oracle . See «Operating System Authentication» for more information.

Do one of the following:

On Windows: Click Start , point to Programs (or All Programs) , point to Oracle Database 10g Express Edition , and then select Stop Database .

On Linux with Gnome: In the Applications menu, point to Oracle Database 10g Express Edition , and then select Stop Database .

On Linux with KDE: Click the icon for the K Menu, point to Oracle Database 10g Express Edition , and then select Stop Database .

Shutti ng Down the Database Using SQL Command Line

When you shut down the database with SQL Command Line, you must run SQL Command Line on the same computer where you installed Oracle Database XE (the «Oracle Database XE host computer»).

To shut down the database using SQL Command Line:

Do one of the following:

On Windows: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a user who is a member of the ORA_DBA user group. This is typically the user that installed Oracle Database XE.

On Linux: Log in to the Oracle Database XE host computer as a user who is a member of the dba user group. This is typically the oracle user.

If not already opened, open a terminal session or command window.

Linux platform only: Ensure that environment variables are set properly.

At the operating system prompt, enter the following command to start SQL Command Line and connect to the database:

The slash (/) indicates that the database should authenticate you with operating system authentication.

At the SQL Command Line prompt, enter the following command:

Note that this command may take a short while to complete. If the command is successful, it displays the following output:

If the command displays no output after a number of minutes, indicating that the shutdown operation is not proceeding, you can press CTRL-C to interrupt the command, and then enter the following command:

The database must go through a recovery process when it starts up after a SHUTDOWN ABORT command. It is recommended that you enable the recovery process to take place immediately, after which you can shut down the database normally. To do this, enter the following commands when the SHUTDOWN ABORT completes:

See Oracle Database Administrator’s Guide for information on the SHUTDOWN ABORT command.

Enter the following command to exit SQL Command Line:

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Linux oracle database start

You can start and stop the database manually, set it to automatically after the system shuts down and starts, or using Enterprise Manager.

Shutting Down and Starting Up Using the Configuration Services Script

Execute these commands as root using sudo .

You can start and stop the database using the /etc/init.d/oracle-xe-18c script.

Run the following command to start the listener and database:

Run the following command to stop the database and the listener:

Run the following command to stop and start the listener and database:

Run the following command to start the listener and database:

Run the following command to stop the database and the listener:

Run the following command to stop and start the listener and database:

Shutting Down and Starting Up Using SQL*Plus

You can shut down and start the database using SQL*Plus.

To shutdown the database, login to the oracle user with its environment variables set for access to the XE database, and issue the following SQL*Plus command:

To start the database, issue the commands:

Oracle Database 2 Day DBA for general information about managing a database

Oracle Multitenant Administration Guide for more information about shutting down and starting a PDB

Automating Shutdown and Startup

Oracle recommends that you configure the system to automatically start Oracle Database when the system starts, and to automatically shut it down when the system shuts down. Automating database shutdown guards against incorrect database shutdown.

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2 Stopping and Starting Oracle Software

This chapter describes how to identify Oracle Database processes, and provides basic information about how to stop and restart them. It also describes how to set up automatic startup and shutdown of the Oracle Database. It contains the following sections:

2.1 Stopping and Starting Oracle Processes

This section describes how to stop and start Oracle processes. It contains the following topics:

2.1.1 Stopping and Starting Oracle Database and Automatic Storage Management Instances

This section describes how to stop and start Oracle Database and Automatic Storage Management instances.

Stopping an Oracle Database or Automatic Storage Management Instance

Do not stop an Automatic Storage Management instance until you have stopped all Oracle Database instances that use that Automatic Storage Management instance to manage their storage.

To stop an Oracle Database or Automatic Storage Management instance:

To identify the SID and Oracle home directory for the instance that you want to shut down, run the following command:

On other operating systems:

The oratab file contains lines similar to the following, which identify the SID and corresponding Oracle home directory for each database or Automatic Storage Management instance on the system:

Oracle recommends that you use the plus sign (+) as the first character in the SID of Automatic Storage Management instances.

Depending on the default shell, run the oraenv or coraenv script to set the environment variables for the instance that you want to shut down:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

When prompted, specify the SID for the instance.

Run the following commands to shut down the instance:

After the instance shuts down, you can quit SQL*Plus.

Restarting an Oracle Database or Automatic Storage Management Instance

If the database instance uses Automatic Storage Management for storage management, then you must start the Automatic Storage Management instance before you start the database instance.

To restart an Oracle Database or Automatic Storage Management instance:

If required, repeat Steps 1 and 2 of the preceding procedure to set the ORACLE_SID and ORACLE_HOME environment variables to identify the SID and Oracle home directory for the instance that you want to start.

Run the following commands to start the instance:

After the instance starts, you can exit from SQL*Plus.

2.1.2 Stopping and Starting Oracle Cluster Services Synchronization Daemon

To stop the Oracle Cluster Services Synchronization daemon, run the following command:

On other platforms:

To start the Cluster Services Synchronization daemon, run the following command:

This command stops the Oracle Cluster Services Synchronization daemon and then restarts it.

2.1.3 Stopping and Starting an Oracle Net Listener

This section describes how to stop and start an Oracle Net listener.

Stopping Oracle Net Listener

To stop an Oracle Net listener:

Run the following command to determine the listener name and Oracle home directory for the Oracle Net listener that you want to stop:

This command displays a list of the Oracle Net listeners running on the system. The output of this command is similar to the following:

In this sample output, listenername1 and listenername2 are the names of the listeners.

If required, set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the appropriate Oracle home directory for the listener that you want to stop:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

Run the following command to stop the Oracle Net listener:

If the name of the listener is the default name, LISTENER , then you do not have to specify the name in this command.

Restarting Oracle Net Listener

To start an Oracle Net listener:

If required, set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the appropriate Oracle home directory for the listener that you want to start:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

Run the following command to restart the Oracle Net listener:

You must specify the listener name only if it is different from the default listener name, LISTENER . The listener name is mentioned in the listener.ora file. To display the contents of this file, run the following command:

2.1.4 Stopping and Starting Oracle Ultra Search

This section describes how to stop and start Oracle Ultra Search.

Stopping Oracle Ultra Search

To stop Oracle Ultra Search:

If required, set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the appropriate Oracle home directory for Oracle Ultra Search:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

Run the following command to stop Oracle Ultra Search:

Starting Oracle Ultra Search

To start Oracle Ultra Search:

If required, set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the appropriate Oracle home directory for Oracle Ultra Search:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

Run the following command to start Oracle Ultra Search:

2.1.5 Stopping and Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control

This section describes how to stop and start Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control.

Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control

To stop Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control:

Depending on the default shell, run the oraenv or coraenv script to set the environment for the database managed by the Database Control that you want to stop:

Run the following command to stop the Database Control:

Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control

To start Database Control:

Set the ORACLE_SID and ORACLE_HOME environment variables to identify the SID and Oracle home directory for the database control that you want to start:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

Run the following command to start the Database Control:

2.1.6 Stopping and Starting Oracle Management Agent

If you are using Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control to manage multiple Oracle products from a central location, then you must have an Oracle Management Agent installed on each host system. Typically, the Oracle Management Agent is installed in its own Oracle home directory.

This section describes how to stop and start Oracle Management Agent.

Stopping Oracle Management Agent

To stop Oracle Management Agent:

Run the following command to determine the Oracle home directory for Oracle Management Agent:

This command displays information about the Oracle Management Agent processes. The output of this command is similar to the following:

If required, set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the appropriate Oracle home directory for the Oracle Management Agent:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

Run the following command to stop Oracle Management Agent:

Starting Oracle Management Agent

To start Oracle Management Agent:

If required, set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the appropriate Oracle home directory for Oracle Management Agent:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

Run the following command to start Oracle Management Agent:

2.2 Automating Shutdown and Startup

Oracle recommends that you configure the system to automatically start Oracle Database when the system starts, and to automatically shut it down when the system shuts down. Automating database startup and shutdown guards against incorrect database shutdown.

To automate database startup and shutdown, use the dbstart and dbshut scripts, which are located in the $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory. The scripts refer to the same entries in the oratab file, which are applied on the same set of databases. You cannot, for example, have the dbstart script automatically start sid1 , sid2 , and sid3 , and have the dbshut script shut down only sid1 . However, you can specify that the dbshut script shuts down a set of databases while the dbstart script is not used at all. To do this, include a dbshut entry in the system shutdown file, but do not include the dbstart entry from the system startup files.

The init command in the operating system documentation for more information about system startup and shutdown procedures

2.2.1 Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Other Operating Systems

To automate database startup and shutdown by using the dbstart and dbshut scripts:

Log in as the root user.

Edit the oratab file for the platform.

To open the file, use one of the following commands:

On AIX, HP-UX, and Linux:

Database entries in the oratab file are displayed in the following format:

In this example, the values Y and N specify whether you want the scripts to start or shut down the database, respectively. For each database for which you want to automate shutdown and startup, first determine the instance identifier (SID) for that database, which is identified by the SID in the first field. Then, change the last field for each to Y .

You can set dbstart to autostart a single-instance database that uses an Automatic Storage Management installation that is auto-started by Oracle Clusterware. This is the default behavior for an Automatic Storage Management cluster. If you want to do this, then you must change the oratab entry of the database and the Automatic Storage Management installation to use a third field with the value W and N , respectively. These values specify that dbstart auto-starts the database only after the Automatic Storage Management instance is started.

If you add new database instances to the system and automate startup for them, then you must edit the entries for those instances in the oratab file.

Change directory to one of the following depending on the operating system:

Create a file called dbora , and copy the following lines into this file:

Change the value of the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to an Oracle home directory for the installation. Change the value of the ORACLE environment variable to the user name of the owner of the database installed in the Oracle home directory (typically, oracle ).

This script can only stop Oracle Net listener for which a password has not been set. In addition, if the listener name is not the default name, LISTENER , then you must specify the listener name in the stop and start commands:

Change the group of the dbora file to the OSDBA group (typically dba ), and set the permissions to 750:

Create symbolic links to the dbora script in the appropriate run-level script directories as follows.

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